2 NECTARS AS 1

Subject: Essence of Yeshe Tsogyel's Message
"United at your consort's blissful nerve,
Our two nectars fused into one elixir."
Note: Adam and Eve were as one flesh. They ate forbidden food, had
forbidden sex, causing "an enmity between their seed", which was
senescence and subsequent shame of their nakedness, whereby they
could no longer accept Tantra Sadhana and were cast out of Paradise,
to toil in pain and to come and go upon this earth like vagabonds. -
Sw. T..

URINE TANTRA IN THE YAJUR VEDA

The Rig Veda (circa 2,000 B.C.) is the oldest of all Hindu books,
followed by the other 3 Vedas. The Following texts are from the Yajur
Veda. Chapter IX of the Rig Veda is devoted entirely to Soma
Pavamana, meaning Moon Pure Food or Moon Pure Mother Water, depending
on if one translated by the words or the syllables. Woman was our
original food and, to these prehistoric yogis, remained so. This Mana
is identical with the Biblical Manna from Heaven, also called Water
of Life or Living Water (See The Water of life: A Treatise on Urine
Therapy by Armstrong). The ancient commentary on the Rig Veda, The
Satapatha Brahmana (True Path of the Priest) of the Rig Veda
states: "Soma is seed. Soma is urine." Ancient scriptures were almost
invariably written by men, so, according to Tantra, women are their
food. This was the original Yogic spiritual reason for male-female
conjugal relations. Sai Ram

PRAPATHAKA IV
The Soma Cups
i. 4. 1.
a I take thee. Thou art the stone which maketh the sacrifice for the
gods; make this sacrifice deep, with thy highest edge, (make) the
Soma well pressed for Indra, rich in sweetness, in milk, bringing
rain.
b To Indra, slayer of Vrtra, thee! To Indra, conqueror of Vrtra,
thee! To Indra, slayer of foes, thee! To Indra with the Adityas,
thee! To Indra with the all-gods, thee!
c Ye are savoury, conquerors of Vrtra, delightful through your gifts,
spouses of immortality,
Do ye, O goddesses, place this sacrifice among the gods
Do ye, invoked, drink the Soma;
Invoked by you [1] let Soma drink.
d With thy light which is in the sky, on the earth, in the broad
atmosphere, do thou for this sacrificer spread wealth broadly; be
favour able to the giver.
c Ye Dhisanas, that are strong, be strengthened; gather strength, and
give me strength; let me not harm you, harm me not.
f Forward, backward, upward, downward, let these quarters speed to
you; O mother, come forth.
g Thy unerring, watchful name, O Soma, to that of thee, O Soma, to
Soma, hail!
1 4. 2.
a Be pure for the lord of speech, O strong one; male, purified by the
arms with the shoots of the male; thou art the god purifier of gods;
to those thee whose portion thou art!
b Thou art he who is appropriated; make our food full of sweetness
for us; to all the powers of sky and earth thee!
c May mind enter thee.
d Fare along the broad atmosphere.
e Hail! Thee, of kindly nature, to the sun!
f To the gods that drink the rays thee f
g This is thy birthplace; to expiration thee!
i. 4. 3.
a Thou art taken with a support.
b O bounteous one, restrain (it), protect Soma, guard wealth, win
food by sacrifice, I place within thee sky and earth, within thee the
broad atmosphere; in unison with the gods, the lower and the higher,
O bounteous one, do thou rejoice in the Antaryama (cup).
e Thou art he who is appropriated; make our food full of sweetness
for us; to all the powers of sky and earth thee!
d May mind enter thee.
e Fare along the broad atmosphere.
f Hail! Thee, of kindly nature, to the sun!
g To the gods that drink the rays thee!
h This is thy birthplace; to inspiration thee!
i. 4. 4.
a O Vayu, drinker of the pure, come to us;
A thousand are thy teams, O thou that hast all choice boons.
For thee this sweet drink hath been drawn,
Whereof, O god, thou hast the first drink.
b Thou art taken with a support; to Vayu thee!
c O Indra and Vayu, these draughts are ready;
Come ye for the libations,
For the drops desire you.
d Thou art taken with a support; to Indra and Vayu thee! This is
thy birthplace; to the comrades thee!
i. 4. 5.
a This Soma is pressed for you, O Mitra and Varuna,
Who prosper holy order;
Hearken ye now to my supplication.
b Thou art taken with a support; to Mitra and Varuna thee! This is
thy birthplace; to the righteous thee!
i. 4. 6.
a That I whip of yours which is rich in sweetness
And full of mercy, O Açvins,
With that touch the sacrifice.
b Thou art taken with a support; to the Açvins thee! This is thy
birthplace; to the sweet thee!
i. 4. 7.
a Ye that yoke early be unloosed
O Açvins, come ye hither,
To drink this Soma.
b Thou art taken with a support; to the Açvins thee! This is thy
birthplace; to the Açvins thee!
i. 4. 8.
a Vena hath stirred those born of Prçni,
He enveloped in light, in the expanse of the welkin;
Him in the meeting-place of the waters, of the sun,
Like a child, the priests tend with their songs.
b Thou art taken with a support; to Çanda thee! This is thy
birthplace; guard the folk.
i. 4. 9.
a Him, as aforetime, as of old, as always, as now,
The prince, who hath his seat on the strew and knoweth the heaven,
The favouring, the strong, thou milkest with thy speech,
The swift who is victor in those among whom thou dost wax.
b Thou art taken with a support; to Marka thee! This is thy birth.
place; guard offspring.
i. 4. 10.
a Ye gods that are eleven in the sky,
Eleven on the earth,
Who sit mightily in the waters, eleven in number,
Do ye accept this saerifice.
b Thou art taken with a support; thou art the leader, thou art the
good leader; quicken the sacrifice, quicken the lord of the
sacrifice; guard the pressings; let Visnu guard thee, do thou guard
the folk with thy power; this is thy birthplace; to the All-gods thee!
i. 4. 11.
a Three and thirty in troops the Rudras
Frequent the sky and earth, the destructive ones,
Eleven seated on the waters;
May all of them accept the Soma pressed for the pressing.
b Thou art taken with a support; thou art the leader, thou art the
good leader; quicken the sacrifice, quicken the lord of the
sacrifice; guard the pressings; let Visnu guard thee, do thou guard
the folk with thy power; this is thy birthplace; to the all-gods thee!
i. 4. 12.
a Thou art taken with a support.
To Indra thee, to him of the Brhat (Saman),
The strong, eager for praise.
Thy great strength, O Indra,
To that thee!
To Visnu thee! This is thy birthplace; to Indra, eager for praise,
thee!
i. 4. 13.
a The head of the sky, the messenger of earth,
Vaiçvanara, born for holy order, Agni,
The sage, the king, the guest of men,
The gods have produced as a cup for their mouths.
b Thou art taken with a support; to Agni Vaiçvanara thee! Thou art
secure, of secure foundation, most secure of the secure, with securest
foundation of those which are secure. This is thy birthplace; to Agni
Vaiçvanara thee!
i. 4. 14.
a Thou art Madhu and Madhava; thou art Çukra and Çuci; thou art Nabha
and Nabbasya; thou art Isa and Urja; thou art Saha and Sahasya; thou
art Tapa and Tapasya.
b Thou art taken with a support.
c Thou art Samsarpa.
d To Anhaspatva thee!
i. 4. 15.
a O Indra and Agni, come
For our prayers to the pressed drink, the delightful fumes
Drink ye of it, impelled by our prayer.
b Thou art taken with a support; to Indra and Agni thee! This is thy
birthplace; to Indra and Agni thee!
i. 4. 16.
a Ye dread ones, guardians of men,
O All-gods, come ye,
Generous, to the pressed drink of the generous one.
b Thou art taken with a support; to the All-gods thee! This is thy
birthplace; to the All-gods thee!
i. 4. 17.
a Him with the Maruts, the mighty bull,
The bountiful, the divine ruler, Indra,
All-powerful, the dread, giver of strength,
For present aid let us invoke.
b Thou art taken with a support; to Indra with the Maruts thee! This
is thy birthplace; to Indra with the Maruts thee!
i. 4. 18.
a O Indra with the Maruts drink here the Soma,
As thou didst drink the pressed drink with Çaryata
Under thy guidance, in thy protection, O hero,
The singers skilled in sacrifice are fain to serve.
b Thou art taken with a support; to Indra with the Maruts thee!
This is thy birthplace; to Indra with the Maruts thee!
i. 4. 19.
a Indra with the Maruts, the bull, for gladness,
Drink the Soma, for joy, to thy content;
Pour within thy belly the wave of sweetness;
Thou art from of old the king of the pressed drinks.
b Thou art taken with a support; to Indra with the Maruts thee,
This is thy birthplace; to Indra with the Maruts thee!

UREA AS A PROTEIN SUBSTITUTE

no. 1.608
Urea and NPN for Cattle and Sheep
by T.L. Stanton1

Quick Facts...
Urea can be fed to ruminants as an economical replacement for a part
of the protein in a ration.
The amount of urea a ruminant animal can use depends on the
digestible energy or total digestible nutrients (TDN) content of the
ration.
No more than 0.1 to 0.25 pound urea per head per day should be fed to
feedlot cattle consuming a high concentrate ration.
Toxicity should not be a problem if urea is fed according to
recommendations.
Vinegar is a helpful emergency treatment for urea poisoning if the
animal is treated before tetany develops.
Many years ago, researchers recognized that nonprotein nitrogen (NPN)
compounds are used by bacteria in the rumen of cattle and sheep.
Since that time, studies show that these compounds are broken down to
ammonia during the normal fermentation process in the rumen.
Microorganisms in the rumen combine the ammonia with products of
carbohydrate metabolism to form amino acids and hence, proteins. The
proteins formed in this manner (from NPN compounds) are similar in
amino acid content to the proteins available to the animal when the
principal source of dietary nitrogen is intact protein.

The bacteria and protozoa, and the protein they contain, are digested
by the animal farther on in the digestive tract. In this manner, the
ruminant animal makes use of certain NPN compounds even though it
does not possess enzymes of its own for their breakdown. Animals with
simple stomachs (pigs and chickens) cannot make use of large
concentrations of NPN compounds because of a lack of enzymes and
bacteria to break down the NPN to ammonia and synthesize it into
protein.

Many common feedstuffs fed to livestock contain some NPN. Forages
generally are higher in NPN than are concentrates. Corn silage may
contain as much as 50 percent of its total nitrogen as NPN. Alfalfa
hay may contain 10 to 20 percent of the nitrogen in this form. Since
many feeds contain some NPN, it is not a foreign substance in
ruminant rations.

Commercial Sources of NPN
The most common NPN source used in ruminant feeding is urea. Many
other products have been used experimentally and commercially, but
most of them do not compare favorably to urea, because of greater
toxicity, higher cost or lower palatability.

Ammoniated products. Many low-protein feeds and by-products of the
milling industry have been ammoniated and fed as sources of nitrogen
for ruminants. Examples are ammoniated molasses, ammoniated condensed
distillers' molasses solubles, ammoniated citrus pulp, ammoniated
beet pulp and ammoniated furfural residue. These products generally
have been found to be less satisfactory than urea as a protein
substitute. In some instances they have been more toxic and less
palatable than urea. They cannot be stored for a great length of
time, especially under moist conditions, because much of the ammonia
will be lost as a gas.

Ammonium salts. Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and monoammonium phosphate
(MAP) are two ammonium salts that show promise as sources of NPN and
phosphorus. Research conducted at the Oklahoma Agricultural
Experiment Station indicated that DAP was a satisfactory source of
phosphorus, but its nitrogen was not retained as well by sheep as
that supplied by urea. Rations containing DAP also were less
palatable than those containing urea because of ammonia losses when
the feed came in contact with water or saliva. Monoammonium phosphate
is more stable and palatable than DAP and is a good source of both
nitrogen and phosphorus.

Urea. Urea is a simple compound that contains 46.7 percent nitrogen.
It is found in many plants and is a normal end product of protein
metabolism in mammals. A part of the urea produced in the animal's
body is returned to the digestive tract in the saliva. The remainder
of the urea is passed off in the urine as waste.

One pound of pure urea furnishes as much nitrogen as 2.92 pounds of
protein (protein equivalent of 292 percent). The feed grade of urea
has other ingredients, such as kaolin, wheat middlings, rice hulls or
limestone, added to it to prevent caking and lumping. This material
lowers the protein equivalent to 281, 283, 287 or 262 percent,
depending on the amount added. The 281 urea is the most common.

Urea Is a Protein Replacement
Urea is not necessary in the diet of ruminant animals; it is fed as a
replacement for a part of the protein in a ration. Whether it is used
is a matter of the cost of urea in relation to high protein feeds.
When plant protein feeds, such as soybean meal, are high priced, it
is economical to use urea as a protein supplement in ruminant
rations. If sufficient protein is furnished by homegrown feeds, feed
costs will not be lowered if urea is added.

Using the protein equivalent of 281 percent, 13.5 pounds of urea and
86.5 pounds of corn or similar grain are equal in protein and energy
value to 100 pounds of 44-percent protein soybean meal or similar
protein supplement for ruminant animals. The cost of the urea-corn
mixture normally would be less than the cost of soybean meal, and the
use of urea obviously would reduce protein supplement costs.

Factors Influencing Urea Utilization
Source of readily available carbohydrates. The single most important
factor influencing the amount of urea a ruminant animal can use is
the digestible energy or total digestible nutrients (TDN) content of
the ration. Rations high in digestible energy (high grain) result in
good urea utilization; those that are low in digestible energy (high
forage) result in a lowered utilization of urea. The addition to a
high forage ration of any feed that will increase TDN will improve
urea utilization. Utilization of urea by animals fed high forage
rations will be improved by the addition of grain or molasses.
Molasses will not improve the utilization of urea when high grain
rations are fed, however.

Frequency of feeding urea. Feed urea containing supplements at least
daily. A constant or continuous intake of urea will improve its
utilization over abrupt or periodic intake.

Level of urea fed. Low levels of urea are utilized more efficiently
and with less problems than high levels.

Thorough mixing of urea-containing supplements into the daily feed.
If urea-containing supplements are mixed with the entire daily
ration, the intake of urea at any one time likely will not be great,
and the ability of the microbes to synthesize protein likely will not
be exceeded.

Adequate supply of phosphorus, sulfur and trace minerals.
Substitution of urea for natural protein sharply changes the quality
and quantity of minerals available for ruminal bacteria and cattle.
Although needed only in small quantities, these elements are
necessary building blocks for microbial protein synthesis. Feeding
dehydrated alfalfa meal, which is high in trace minerals and sulfur,
aids urea utilization. These often are found in many urea-containing
supplements.

Solubility of proteins. Natural proteins such as soybean meal and
cottonseed meal have different solubilities or rates of hydrolysis in
the rumen. The more soluble the protein, the more rapidly it is
hydrolyzed to ammonia in the rumen. For this reason, some natural
proteins may be more competitive with urea.

Recommendations for Urea Feeding
Feedlot Rations
Feed no more than:

Up to 15 to 25 percent of total crude protein (CP) in cattle and
sheep fattening rations.
0.1 to 0.25 pound urea per head per day to cattle.
0.28 to 0.70 pound CP per head per day to cattle.
Up to 0.5 to 1.0 percent urea in total air dry beef ration (90
percent dry matter). Current recommendation is 0.7 percent urea.
Feeding higher levels of urea will cause lower feed intakes, lower
daily gains, poorer feed conversions, longer feeding period and less
profit.
Dry Cows
Feed no more than:

0.05 pound actual urea per cow per day.
0.14 pound protein equivalent from urea per cow per day.
Supply no more than 20 to 33 percent of total nitrogen in supplement
from urea when: 1) feeding harvested roughages and 2) feeding low
protein supplements to cows grazing dry winter range. It is best not
to feed urea in high protein supplements (40 percent CP) to cows on
winter range. If this is the practice, be sure that urea contributes
less than 10 percent CP equivalent.

Lactating Cows
Feed no more than:

0.05 to 0.10 pound actual urea.
0.14 to 0.28 pound protein equivalent from urea.
Calves
Do not feed urea to 300- to 450-pound calves.

Table 1: Maximum amounts of urea that should be fed to yearlings
and calves.
Concentrate content of the ration, percentage Pounds of urea per day
Yearlings Calves
81-100 0.25 0.20
61-80 0.20 0.17
40-60 0.15 0.14
Less than 40 0.12 0.10
Yearlings: 650 pounds and heavier
Calves: 450-650 pounds
To convert to metrics, use the following conversion: 1 pound = .45
kilogram.

Urea Toxicity
Urea toxicity (poisoning) may be a problem if urea is fed at high
levels. Most cases of urea poisoning are due to poor mixing of feed
or to errors in calculating the amount of urea to add to the ration.
Accidental overconsumption of urea-containing supplements also has
resulted in some cases of urea toxicity. If the proper level of urea
is added to the ration and it is mixed uniformly, no problem should
arise.

Urea toxicity is characterized by uneasiness, tremors, excessive
salivation, rapid breathing, incoordination, bloat and tetany. These
symptoms usually occur in about the order listed. Tetany is the last
symptom before death occurs. Laboratory findings of urea toxicity
include a sharp rise in blood ammonia levels and a rise in rumen pH.
Animals usually die when their blood ammonia level reaches 5
milligrams per 100 milliliters of blood. Rumen pH will rise to about
8, and the normal function of the rumen will cease.

When low carbohydrate rations are fed, clinical signs of toxicity can
be seen from as little as 0.3 grams urea per kilogram of body weight
(.14 grams urea/lb of body weight) of animals that have not been fed
urea previously. Feeding a 1,000-pound cow 7 to 8 pounds of 30
percent crude protein cube containing 10 percent crude protein from
urea would give 0.3 grams urea per kilogram of body weight.

When adequate carbohydrate rations are fed, as much as 1 to 2 grams
of urea per kilogram of body weight may not cause toxicity if animals
previously have been fed urea. For instance, feeding 35 to 50 pounds
of a 30 percent crude protein cube (10 percent CP from urea) to a
1,000-pound cow provides this level of urea.

Call a veterinarian to treat cases of urea toxicity. As an emergency
measure, 1 gallon of vinegar may be administered to cattle as a
drench. Acetic acid furnished by the vinegar lowers rumen pH and
neutralizes ammonia, thus preventing further absorption of ammonia
into the bloodstream.

1 Colorado State University Cooperative Extension feedlot specialist
and professor, animal sciences. 6/98.
Updated Tuesday, August 24, 2004.